canada news
Forces should maintain combat capability while developing specialty: report
Monday, Jan 24, 2005
OTTAWA (CP) - Canada's armed forces should maintain their combat capability while developing specialized expertise in postwar reconstruction, says a report by a group reflecting the views of young Canadians.
The military must be prepared for multinational peace operations as well as unforeseen threats to the country's "interests, values and security," says Canada25, a think-tank representing Canadians between 20 and 35 years old. The federal government needs to develop a military deployment strategy that is transparent and predictable, says the group's report, From Middle Power to Model Power: Recharging Canada's Role in the World.
"For each mission, our allies, the public, and our troops need to know - as far ahead as possible - what we are getting into, what we will do, and when we will get out," says the 116-page document.
"The federal government should immediately articulate clear intervention criteria for both multilateral peace operations and for deployments to defend against unforeseen threats."
The non-profit, non-partisan group, founded in Toronto in 2001, is financially supported by universities, private corporations and Foreign Affairs.
Ottawa's military deployment strategy has been largely seat-of-the-pants in recent years.
The military's current role with the NATO peacemaking force in Kabul was seen by many as a convenient alternative to involvement in the Iraq War.
Deployment of the military's Disaster Assistance Response Team, or DART, to tsunami-ravaged Sri Lanka was debated for a critical week, largely because it wasn't considered cost-effective, before a decision was made to send it.
Canada25's recommendations for the military were part of a larger document addressing the role of Canada in the world that was assembled after interviews with 400 young Canadians, followed by a national forum.
It comes as the federal government enters the final stages of a foreign policy and defence review that aims to map the country's international role for the next quarter-century. Among the report's other suggestions:
-Transform government departments and agencies, including Foreign Affairs, which it says should be recast as a "smaller, nimbler" agency that co-ordinates rather implements foreign policy.
-Cultivate a model relationship with the United States, enhance global markets, foster environmental sustainability and develop networks of health-care expertise worldwide.
The report says Canada should identify, focus on and encourage the specific strengths of its armed forces.
"If our unique strengths are known - domestically and internationally - our allies will know how we can most effectively contribute to routine and unforeseeable security missions," it says.
"This would make our decision-making process more predictable to our allies as well as provide Canadian policy-makers and the public with a tool to assess requests for deployment."
The report emphasizes that the military's equipment and training must be "world-class" in order for it to fit seamlessly into multinational coalitions.
And it must develop niche capabilities and specializations, such as post-conflict reconstruction, so that it can add value to those missions, says the report.
At the same time, it says Canada cannot neglect its combat capability, specifically citing the significant niche roles played by Canadian snipers and special forces during the U.S.-led war in Afghanistan in 2002.
The report also suggests the RCMP and comparable forces in allied countries develop an international police force capable of intervening where a traditional military presence is not needed.
"Not only might such a force be cheaper to deploy, it might also free up traditional peacekeeping forces resources, enabling them to be deployed where they are most needed."
Lt.-Gen. Andrew Leslie, the deputy commander of NATO's Kabul force for six months ending last year, said there needs to be more exchange of the kind that the Canada25 report generated during a Monday forum at Foreign Affairs.
"Canada25's proposals are worthy of some really serious study," said Leslie, currently engaged in doctoral studies at Royal Military College.
"It's an internationalist point of view. They're talking about a more activist Canada, taking care of our own security first but as well focusing our efforts overseas where we think it will make a difference."
Prime Minister Paul Martin has already committed to 5,000 additional troops, whose primary role would be overseas duties.
At the forum, Robert Greenhill, a foreign policy analyst who conducted a project based on interviews with 40 leading thinkers worldwide, said experts feel Canada has virtually "disappeared" from the world stage militarily.
Canada's military currently constitutes about two per cent of UN-approved deployed forces, said Greenhill, whose External Voices Project was done for the Canadian Institute of International Affairs.
"It has declined from us being a modest but important player to being virtually insignificant, particularly in peacekeeping and peace enforcement," he said.
"Today, we have fewer professionals on the front line than Doctors Without Borders."
Military experts told him Canada should develop a rapid-insertion force in the form of a self-contained mobile brigade, an idea that is already taking root in government and military circles in Ottawa.