MarkOttawa said:
Carl A. Spaatz and the Air War in Europe, by Richard G. Davis
Mark
Ottawa
I have not read that particular book, yet. But, I have read a good deal about Gen. Spaatz.
Prior to D-Day, he wanted to precision bomb oil targets. Harris wanted to continue area bombing Germany by night.
Albert Speer considered oil to be Germany's Achilles Heel. Spaatz appealed directly to Washington to be permitted to undertake his Oil Plan. Eisenhower authorized him to carry out experimental attacks against oil plants. The results were dramatic. Spaatz had touched the vital nerve of the German economy. It's jugular, was the word used.
"Now Harris and Spaatz, each in his own way, set out to prove that by air power alone, they could bring Germany to her knees."
Spaatz was put under Gen. Eisenhower. Being USAAF, he had little say in the matter. He did say,"What worries me is that Harris is being allowed to get off scot-free. He'll go on bombing Germany, and will be given a chance of defeating her before the invasion, while I am put under Leigh-Mallory's command."
"From apes to warlords" by Lord Solly Zuckerman ( 1978 ) page 276.
Harris answered to Winston Churchill.
Professor Zuckerman was the planner of the Transportation Plan. Churchill was against it because of the danger to French civilians. The Americans were less concerned. Estimates were that it could kill 40,000 French civilians. The Transportation Plan was a controversy that locked the Allied leaders in a fierce conflict until just before D-Day.
Eisenhower formally notified President Roosevelt and Gen. Marshall that he considered the Transportation Plan "indispensable": "There is no other way this air force can help us, during the preparatory period, to get ashore and stay there."
He said that if Churhill did not put Bomber Command at his service, he would "simply have to go home."
With that, Churchill finally bowed to Washington.
At one of the vital meetings called to discuss the rival merits of the Oil Plan ( Spaatz ) versus the Transportation Plan ( Zuckerman ), it was estimated that even if attacks on oil were immediately effective, it would be four to five months before the results benefited the battlefield.
Despite the heavy losses, the Transportation Plan was a success.
On the 20th anniversary of D-Day, President Eisenhower wrote to Bomber Harris, "No historian will ever know the depth of my obligation to you."