Yargh, you moved my soapbox, McG....
MCG said:
Infanteer,
I'll give some parting thoughts on terminology, not to change any opinions, but so that we all understand eachother while reading through these posts.
Ok, and I'll try and clarify my terminology a little better so it doesn't look like I'm pulling this stuff out of my hat....
I don't think your linking of the word â Å“terrorismâ ? with a â Å“law enforcing approachâ ? develops a clear picture.
The problem I have with title of "terrorism", "terrorists" and "War on Terror" is that it automatically brings up the very loose definition of terrorism that I talked about above. As well, terrorism has, due to its historical connotations that associate it with anarchists, 5th columinst communists, and state-sponsered groups like Abu Nidal, a legal implication. We put wanted posters up of these men, convict them in absentia of crimes in our State, and say that the Rule of Law will deal with them. This carries the connotation that it is a criminal act of murder or assault, rather than one of war (where combatants are legitimately inflicting casulties upon the enemy). Terrorism implies individuals who act against civilians - what we are seeing (IMHO) is a movement; one of those who view themselves as soldiers and view the victims as legitimate targets of Jihad. Putting them into a paradigm of terrorist criminals may handicap our efforts to defeat them by giving us an incomplete understanding of who the enemy is. Sure, this may run contrary to our existing defintion of "war" and "soldiers", but we all know that the Geneva Convention, the Hague Conventions and the Laws of Land Warfare don't extend far beyond the borders of the signatories. Let's not pound their square peg into our round hole.
All I've looked at regarding the current situation leads me to believe that there is nothing criminal about it; they've declared war, announced Jihad, and issued Fatwas. We can denigrate them, label them fascists, and attempt to poke holes in their authority to do so, but, as subsequent events have shown, it should be as real as Germany crossing into Poland or Japan attacking Pearl Harbour. Here it is, plain as light to see, from Osama bin Laden himself:
"So the case is easy, America will not be able to leave this ordeal unless it leaves the Arabian Peninsula, and stops its involvement in Palestine, and in all the Islamic World. If we give this equation to any child in an American school, he will easily solve it within a second. But, according to Bush's actions the equation won't be solved until the swords fall on their heads, with the permission of Allah....
We renew our pledge to Allah, our promise to the Ummah, and our threat to the Americans and Jews that they shall remain restless, shall not feel at ease, and shall not dream of security until they take their hands off our Ummah and stop their aggression against us and their support for our enemies. And soon will the unjust assailants know what vicissitudes their affairs will take."
This was said as the war in Afghanistan began - similar statements were stated before (see his Fatwa of 1996) and similar things have been said since then.
So, they have declared war upon us, and we have attempted to follow suit - thus, to me, we have left the confines of Civilian Law which is applied to terrorist acts against civilians.
I also do not think that it is appropriate to refer to this as an insurgency. We are at war. There are insurgency battles in Iraq, Afghanistan, the Philippines, etc. However, the battles with terrorism are omnipresent. Our enemy is a mix of soldiers, terrorists, guerrillas, and their leaders.
Okay - I use the term "Insurgency" to desribe
what we are at war with because it seems to work a hell of alot better than "Terrorism". As I (hopefully) made clear before, I don't believe that all these groups, factions, and organizations that oppose us are monolithic. They have their own beliefs, their own goals, and their own history. Mixed into the conflict thoughout
dar al-Islam (I use this term as it effectively describes an area that transcends regional and continental tags) are tribal interests, Shia/Sunni battles, rabid fundamentalism, Chechens, Bosnians and Kashmiris with a bone to pick, Palestinians (with their own gig), and a whack of pissed off people who have Westerners marching through their backyard. Some hate us for who we are (westerners), and some hate us for what we do (support regimes, etc) - but they all seem to hate us, and that is good enough.
They aren't united - infact, alot of them like to waste each other when they're not fighting us - and they aren't coordinated. What ties them togeather is the seemingly common dislike for the West. This is where Al Qaeda has come to the fore - for the first time since the dismemberment of the Ottoman Empire, Islam has had a "Banner" to follow. Not all follow it, nor agree with it - but many do; we can't wish away this phenomenon to the fringe of Islam. This Al Qaeda banner has espoused the message that the West is undertaken a new crusade to subjugate or destory Islam. There is credibility to this claim, given the current envionement:
"There is a perception in the Muslim world - which bin Laden has fed - that the Christian West is always ready to use economic coercion and military force if proselytizing does not work, or does not work quickly. The latter is an intense irritant in the Islamic world and is, as Professor Samuel Huntington noted, grounded in fact: from 1980 to 1995 "the United States engaged in seventeen military operations in the Middle East, all of them directed at Muslims. No comparable pattern of U.S. military operations occurred against the people of any other civilization." Tough economic sanctions have been simultaneously enforced by the West against several Muslim states. As noted, bin Laden has been outspoken in condemning the Crusaders' eagerness to put sanctions on Sudan, Iraq, and Libya; to tolerate prolonged military aggression against Muslim Bosnians, Somalis, Kashmiris, and Kosovars; and to conspire to divide Muslim states such as Afghanistan, Iraq, and Saudi Arabia. In voicing these views, bin Laden is more virulent than most Muslims, but he is not the lone voice."
Anonymous, Through Our Enemies' Eyes; pg 244.
Thus, this is where the banner is planted. It is an
Insurgency of those who have heeded the call to the Banner to undertake Jihad. Whatever their motivation and whatever tribal/ethnic/political/relgious group they come from, they find common cause to fight us. It is an
Insurgency within the Ummah, which they believe is the undivided House of Submission. Again, not all have a common view of how things should be run within this house, but they sure do agree with the fact that the West shouldn't be in it - at all. Because we are in it (see the Huntington reference above; Israel, Oil, Iraq, Afghanistan), the Insurgency has now spilled into our streets. They are rising up to fight what they view are wrongs - Crusaders, Infidels, Zionists, and Apostates - and they will fight in Iraq, Afghanistan, Libya, Bali, London, and New York to do so. Again, denigrate or pick apart this assertion by the enemy, but it will do nothing to deter them from carrying out their actions.
Sure there are, as you mention, "terrorists" in the mix - after all, I'd venture that this Insurgency inherited groups like Hizballah - but terrorism is but one tactic, and is only a subset of what these people truely are, insurgents who want to drive the West and the Apostate regimes out of the Ummah.
Now, this is what I've derived from looking at a few sources; it is their view and it is what drives them. It may not be based on a completely accurate interpretation of events, but the perception is important because it is what drives them to war. We may agree or disagree that the general claims of the Insurgency are valid, but we must recognize that they are there.
Soldiers should not be rebuilding schools. Civilian government agencies and NGOs should be doing that. Soldiers should be ensuring the security and stability for this to happen.
Okay - we don't build the schools, but we use our manpower in defending the guys who stack the bricks, so we are essentially part of the school-building team. Shoudl we be part of this team? I'm not sure, but I bring up the Peters' quote in my sigline
""Do not waste an inordinate amount of effort to win unwinnable hearts and minds. Convince hostile populations through victory." Should we be worrying about winning the unwinnable (which, from the historical record, Afghanistan seems to be) or killing the enemy?
We weren't tieing down our soldiers with reconstruction tasks in the Moro River Valley or along the Rhine while Germany was still putting up the ability to resist us. We waited until after we shattered them and then got on with the game (with most of the soldiers being sent back to their homes). As Kevin points out,
"I'm all for reconstruction - after I had crawled all over their hills and killed every last one of them..."
Further, â Å“reconstructionâ ? must go beyond physical infrastructure. It must include rebuilding the government institutions to run the country. It must include training police, military, medical, government, and other essential pers. It must include DDR. It must include re-activating the country's economy. None of this is a military task (and so it should not be given to the military). However, without reconstruction the country will slip back into the state it was at prior to military action and our soldiers will have to re-fight the battle. Worse, without reconstruction the country can degenerate while we are still there and prolong the need to keep our troops on the ground.
Ok - I understand that. But is this neccesarily productive? Is "rebuilding the government institutions" really effective when it means putting Hamid Karzai in charge despite the fact that he never fought and is guarded by American bodyguards? The Afghans fought the Soviets for 13 years, labelling them "atheists" and "invaders" and sending them back to Moscow with their tails between their legs. Now, a different Western army has invaded Afghanistan and we have replaced Karmal with Karzai. Irregardless of our motives, we most likely appear to be the same to them; foreigners, and infidel ones at that. If it was Canada, I wouldn't care if the troops in my backyard were French or Chinese; I'd be pissed.
History seems to point to the fact that you can't keep the Pashtuns down and out, you can't institute a strong government in Kabul (unless it is ruthless like the Iron Amir), you can't play them for fools (they see Karzai just as they saw the Soviets man), that they will distrust strangers who march into their land, and that they will keep on fighting, whether it be Alexander, Persia, India, Britain, the Soviets, us, our themselves.
Anyways, I could be wrong - but history has a tendency to bite us in the ass when we think we make progress.
If we do not make the effort toward reconstruction, the terrorist ideologist will find it much easier to recruit disillusioned citizens to support the insurgency battles or join in terrorist attacks abroad.
Here is where I do have a problem - you point to a "terrorist ideology"; but if what I advocated above (Islamic Insurgency based upon Jihad against trasgression of
dar al-Islam by infidels and apostates) has any foundation, then the "terrorist ideology" doesn't exist. I'm not sure we are being attacked because they are poor. The Afghans lived in a slagheap before, and they were our Allies because they were killing atheist Soviets.
Now I'm trying to figure out what has really changed there to all the sudden turn them from "hardy Mujihadeen" into "terrorist Islamofascists who are bred on hate." Is there a point in the last 10 years that Afghanistan, due to being war-ravaged, suddenly became susceptable to "terrorist ideology" (which I would like someone to define, since I think you could find people who could lump Nazism, Envioronmentalism, and the Manifest Destiny as such). Perhaps they haven't fallen to this ill - perhaps they are fighting us because the Soviets left and then we came in.
As for Iraq, Britney Spears made it quite clear on another thread that "reconstructing" Iraq has meant that American and Coalition soldiers are lying in a cockpit that is increasingly radicalizing - Iraq was articface and was due for a civil war; I don't know how reconstrution is going to help anything there, except for driving many to the Insurgency because they abhor the fact that Western soldiers stalk the streets of Najaf, Fallujah, and Baghdad (Iraq is probably the second holiest place in Islam, so perhaps that is a given).
Oh well, just playing some thoughts out. They may be incorrect, off the mark, or just plain wrong, but I think the questions that raise these points are very valid and worth looking at. Falling back on the simple rhetoric that seems to fly around (not blaming anyone here) leaves us open to underestimation of the enemy and bad strategy.
Cheers,
Infanteer